DLO about NZ artists

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Water Cycle

AIM: TO LOOK AT THE WATER CYCLE AND HOW CLIMATE CHANGE IS AFFECTING IT.

Definition:
EVAPORATION:
THE PROCESS OF TURNING FROM A LIQUID INTO VAPOR.
THE PROCESS OF SOMETHING ABSTRACT CEASING TO EXIST.

TRANSPIRATION:
(OF A PLANT OR A LEAF) THE EXHALATION OF WATER VAPOR THROUGH THE STOMATA.
(PLANTS LOSE MORE THAN 90 PERCENT OF THEIR WATER THROUGH TRANSPIRATION)

PRECIPITATION:
THE ACTION OR PROCESS OF PRECIPITATING A SUBSTANCE OF A SOLUTION.
RAIN, SNOW, SLEET, OR HAIL THAT FALLS TO OR CONDENSES ON THE GROUND.

CONDENSATION:
WATER WHICH COLLECTS AS DROPLETS ON A COLD SURFACE WHEN HUMID AIR IS IN CONTACT WITH IT.
THE CONVERSION OF A VAPOR OR GAS TO A LIQUID.


Scientific words:

EVAPORATION. WHEN WATER IS HEATED BY RADIANT ENERGY IT TURNS INTO WATER VAPOR.



TRANSPIRATION. EVAPORATION FROM PLANTS.



CONDENSATION. WHEN WATER VAPOR COOLS, MOLECULES JOIN TOGETHER AND FORM CLOUDS.



PRECIPITATION. WHEN CLOUDS GET HEAVY THE WATERS FALLS AS RAIN, SLEET, HAIL, OR SNOW.



ACIDIFICATION: THE ACTION OR PROCESS OF MAKING OR BECOMING ACIDIC.




WE WILL BE CONDUCTING AN EXPERIMENT THAT LOOKS AT THE DIFFERENT WAYS THAT CLIMATE CHANGE IS AFFECTING THE WATER CYCLE.
THE WATER CYCLE EXPERIMENT
BAG 1: NORMAL WATER CYCLE
BAG 2: WATER CYCLE WITH CO2 ADDED: LIKE OCEANS IN CLIMATE CHANGE
BAG 3: WATER CYCLE WITH ICE ADDED: LIKE ANTARCTICA IN CLIMATE CHANGE
Material:
 PLASTIC BAG



VIVID MARKER



 1 CUP OF WATER



  2 DROPS OF FOOD COLORING



Steps:
 GOT OUR BAG



 WE DREW EVERYTHING WE NEEDED TO ON IT.



NEXT, WE ADDED 1 CUP OF WATER



THE ADDED 2 DROPS OF FOOD COLORING



AFTER THAT, I ADDED DOUBLE-SIDED TAPE ON ONE SIDE OF THE BAG AND TAPED IT TO THE WINDOW.



Two Images:

Findings: It was really easy to make and do.

Conclusion:
Findings:



The Water Cycle: Bag 1
CO2 Water Cycle: Bag 2
Acid
Desert Water Cycle
Bag 3
Does it cycle?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Amount of Water
2
2
2
Acidity
1
2
1
                                                  Key: Water and acidity amount: 1 = none
2 = small drips
3 = large drips

Other comments:
1. Water cycle 1 had no acidity
2 Water cycle bag 1-2-3 both have a small amount of drips in them.
3 Water cycle bag 1&3 have no acidity in them
4 Water cycle 1-2-3- all cycle




Conclusion:
It was fun and learned heaps






Draw a labeled diagram of the Water Cycle
Water cycle words:
Precipitation
Hurricanes
Storms
Evaporation
Carbon Dioxide
Water
Oceans
Water vapour
Freshwater
Flooding
SOLO Hexagons Activity




1. Icecap melt
2. Acidification
3. Deforestation
4. Water vapour

Icecap melt definition:
A polar ice cap is a region of land at the North or South Pole of a planet that is covered with ice. ... As the polar ice caps melt, sea levels rise and the oceans become less saline.
2 pictures:

Hurumanu- Bio Fuels

RENEWABLE ENERGY

Renewable Energy film

Biomass

Aim: To compare the amount of gas that is produced from different types of biomass.

Material:

1.   Bottles (x3)
2.   Ballons (x3)
3.   Permanent Marker 
4.   Disposable Gloves
5.   Cup
6.   Fresh horse or cow manure
7.  Mashed Bananas
8.  Funnel
9. Water
10. Vegetable peelings

Steps:

1.   Label all 3 bottles

1. Horse or cow manure

2.Manure and Vegetable peelings

3. Manure and mashed bananas   

       

    2. Place 1c manure

1c manure + 1c vegetable peelings 

1c manure + 1c mashed bananas 

    3. Fill the bottle with water

    4. Place a balloon on the top.

    

   

Investigation.

Research the following Biomass fuels. You will need to:

Write a definition of fuel.

Write 8 sentences about fuel. 

• How is it made? 
• Where is it made? 
• What is it made with? 
• What countries use it? 
• What uses will it have in the future?  

Place 1 image of the fuel.

Biomass Fuel types.

Name Agricultural crops and wood fuels.

Definition: Agricultural crops such as miscanthus and straw from cereal crops can be used as a fuel for production of heat. Herbaceous materials have a different composition from wood and its combustion must be handled differently from the wood.

Research:

• How is it made?  Wood energy is the use of wood fuel to produce heat or electricity. It comes in several numbers of forms, including firewood, shavings, sawdust, wood chips, agricultural crops, and bark.
• Where is it made? Wood biomass is the main source of wood energy in New Zealand and it comes in a number of forms.

Name Animal waste.

Methane Gas

Definition:

methane. A colorless, odorless, flammable gas that is the simplest hydrocarbon. It is the major constituent of natural gas and is released during the decomposition of plant or other organic compounds, as in marshes and coal mines. Methane is the first member of the alkane series.

Research:

How is Methane Made? 

Methane is produced at shallow levels (low pressure) by anaerobic decay of organic matter and reworked methane from deep under the Earth's surface. ... Methane is generally transported in bulk by pipeline in its natural gas form, or LNG carriers in its liquefied form; few countries transport it by truck.

Where is Methane Gas made?

Methane that is produced and released into the atmosphere is taken up by methane sinks, which include soil and the process of methane oxidation in the troposphere (the lowest atmospheric region). Most methane produced naturally is offset by its uptake into natural sinks.

Image:

Name: Biogas

Definition: Biogas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste. Biogas is a renewable energy source

Research:

How is it made? Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste. ...

Where is biogas made?

It occurs naturally in compost heaps, as swamp gas, and as a result of enteric fermentation in cattle and other ruminants

Name: Biofuels

Definition: A fuel derived immediately from living matter.

Research:

How is Biofuels made?

Biofuels are designed to replace gasoline, diesel fuel and coal, which are called “fossil fuels” because they are made from animals and plants that died millions of years ago. Biofuels are made mostly from plants that have just been harvested. There are three main types of biofuel. Ethanol, biodiesel, and biojet fuel.

Where is Biofuels made?

Ethanol fuel is the most common biofuel worldwide, particularly in Brazil. Alcohol fuels are produced by fermentation of sugars derived from wheat, corn, sugar beets, sugar cane, molasses and any sugar or starch from which alcoholic beverages such as whiskey, can be made (such as potato and fruit waste, etc.).

Image:

Hurumanu-Windpower

Weather and Climate Change 

Extreme weather

Measuring weather.

Wind

Beaufort Wind Scale

Beaufort Force	Wind Speed (KPH)	Spins	Indicators	Terms Used in NWS Forecasts
0	0-2	0	Calm; smoke rises vertically.	Calm
1	2-5	10	Shown by the direction of wind smoke drift, but not by wind vanes.	Light
2	6-12	40	The wind felt on face, leaves rustle; ordinary vanes moved by wind.	Light
3	13-20	80	Leaves and small twigs in constant motion; wind extends light flag.	Gentle
4	21-29	130	Raises dust and lose paper; small branches are moved.	Moderate
5	30-39	190	Small trees in leaf begin to sway; crested wavelets form on inland waters.	Fresh
6	40-50	250	Large branches in motion; whistling heard in telephone wires; umbrellas used with difficulty.	Strong
7	51-61	320	Whole trees in motion; inconvenience felt walking against the wind.	Strong
8	62-74	390	Breaks twigs off trees; generally impedes progress.	Gale
9	75-87	470	Slight structural damage.	Gale
10	88-101	550	Seldom experienced inland; trees uprooted; considerable structural damage occurs.	Whole gale
11	102-116	640	Very rarely experienced inland; accompanied by widespread damage.	Whole gale
12	117 or more	730+	Very rarely experienced; accompanied by widespread damage.	Hurricane

Wind speed - Making an anemometer.

MATERIALS: 

1. Pins 
2. Cups  (x4)
3. Pencils  
4. Straws (x4) 
5. Tape  

STEPS

1.   Put 2 holes in each cup 
2.   Put your straws in a cross 
3.  Tape the cross of straws together (go around with tape 3 times) 
4.    Then pin them done in the pencil with a rubber in it 
5. Then put the cups and straws together  

 Once you have made an anemometer we are going to record the wind speed.

Group size: 5

You will need:

Anemometer (above) 

Roles:

• Timekeeper
• Counter
• Recorder
• Anemometer Manager
• Wind generator

1. Mount the anemometer in a place that has full access to the wind from all directions.
2. When the timekeeper says "Go", the counter in each group will count how many times the marked cup passes them in one minute and write it down.
3. If possible, repeat the above step four (4) times and record the average number of spins on the chart.